Supplementary figures

Figure S1

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## ATTENTION: This function requires internet access 
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## Connecting to the NASA POWER API Client, Sparks et al 2018 
## https://docs.ropensci.org/nasapower 
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## Extraterrestrial radiation (RTA, MJ/m^2/day)  
## Daylight hours (N, hours) 
## Actual duration of sunshine (n, hours) 
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NASA/POWER estimates vs observed values. (A) Relationship between NASA/POWER estimates and observed values (observed in Shenzhou) for daylight hours (n), rainfall precipitation (prec), relative humidity (rh), maximum air temperature (tmax), average air temperature (tmed), and minimum air temperature (tmin); (B) NASA/POWER vs observed values for accumulated rainfall in three different locations.

Figure 1: NASA/POWER estimates vs observed values. (A) Relationship between NASA/POWER estimates and observed values (observed in Shenzhou) for daylight hours (n), rainfall precipitation (prec), relative humidity (rh), maximum air temperature (tmax), average air temperature (tmed), and minimum air temperature (tmin); (B) NASA/POWER vs observed values for accumulated rainfall in three different locations.

Figure S2

biplot

Figure 2: biplot

Figure S3

Quantiles for Extraterrestrial radiation over six months observed in the delineated mega-environments

Figure 3: Quantiles for Extraterrestrial radiation over six months observed in the delineated mega-environments

Figure S4

Quantiles for daylight hours over six months observed in the delineated mega-environments

Figure 4: Quantiles for daylight hours over six months observed in the delineated mega-environments

Figure S5

Quantiles for deficit by precipitation over six months observed in the delineated mega-environments

Figure 5: Quantiles for deficit by precipitation over six months observed in the delineated mega-environments

Figure S6

Quantiles for vapor pressure deficit over six months observed in the delineated mega-environments

Figure 6: Quantiles for vapor pressure deficit over six months observed in the delineated mega-environments

Figure S7

Phenotypic correlation between the studied traits within ME1 (A), ME2 (B), and ME3 (C), and ME4 (D).

Figure 7: Phenotypic correlation between the studied traits within ME1 (A), ME2 (B), and ME3 (C), and ME4 (D).

Figure S8

Mantel's correlation between the phenotypic correlation matrices observed in each mega-environment

Figure 8: Mantel’s correlation between the phenotypic correlation matrices observed in each mega-environment

Figure S9

Average value for the studied trait across ME1

Figure 9: Average value for the studied trait across ME1

Figure S10

Average value for the studied trait across ME2

Figure 10: Average value for the studied trait across ME2

Figure S11

Average value for the studied trait across ME3

Figure 11: Average value for the studied trait across ME3

Figure S12

Average value for the studied trait across ME4

Figure 12: Average value for the studied trait across ME4

Figure S13

Heatmap showing the average yield of the studied genotypes in each combination of mega-environment and year

Figure 13: Heatmap showing the average yield of the studied genotypes in each combination of mega-environment and year

Figure S14

Heatmap showing the average yield of the studied genotypes in each mega-environment

Figure 14: Heatmap showing the average yield of the studied genotypes in each mega-environment

Figure S15

Quantiles for maximum air temperature (A), maximum air temperature (B), relative humidity (C), and rainfall precipitation (D) observed in the studied mega-environments across distinct crop stages and cultivation years.

Figure 15: Quantiles for maximum air temperature (A), maximum air temperature (B), relative humidity (C), and rainfall precipitation (D) observed in the studied mega-environments across distinct crop stages and cultivation years.

Figure S16

Relationhips between accumulated rainfall precipitation and grain yield. The different colors shows the mega-environments and the different shapes, the cultivation year.

Figure 16: Relationhips between accumulated rainfall precipitation and grain yield. The different colors shows the mega-environments and the different shapes, the cultivation year.

Figure S17

Ranks of 26 maize hybrids considering different weights for stability computed as the Wricke’s Ecovalence (Wi) and grain yielding (GY). The most-left ranks were obtained considering the stability only. The most right-ranks were obtained considering the grain yield only. Between the extremes, the ranks were obtained different weights for stability and yielding.

Figure 17: Ranks of 26 maize hybrids considering different weights for stability computed as the Wricke’s Ecovalence (Wi) and grain yielding (GY). The most-left ranks were obtained considering the stability only. The most right-ranks were obtained considering the grain yield only. Between the extremes, the ranks were obtained different weights for stability and yielding.